National Rural Infrastructure Development Agency

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Research Areas

Chapter I - Introduction

Background

Rural Road Connectivity is a key component of Rural Development. It promotes access to economic and increases productive employment opportunities. Notwithstanding the efforts made over the years, at State and Central levels, all-weather roads do not still connect about 40% of the Habitations in the country. Moreover, even where connectivity has been provided, the roads are of such quality (due to poor construction or maintenance) that these cannot be categorized as all-weather roads.

With a view to redressing the situation, Government have launched the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana on 25th December 2000. The Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) is a 100% Centrally Sponsored Scheme. 50% of the Cess on High Speed Diesel (HSD) is earmarked for this Programme.

Objectives of the Study

The objectives of the study are as under:

  • To assess the socio-economic impact of the programme on the lives of rural people in selected habitations/villages; and
  • To find out the changes and improvement brought about by the programme at household, habitation level and village level.

Scope and Coverage of the Study

DRS have been assigned the task of "Quick Impact Assessment Study of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY)" in the state of Madhya Pradesh. Four districts viz Bhopal, Umaria, Dhar and Datia, spread across Madhya Pradesh were selected. Excepting the district of Bhopal, the other three fall in the category of backward districts. As required, in each district, three completed PMGSY roads were selected each connecting a minimum of two habitations (one of which has a population of 1000 or more). Thus, a total of 12 completed roads and 24 habitations in 1000+-population category were covered for the study.

S. No. District Name of Road Length (kms) Cost (Rs. Lakhs)
1 Bhopal Phanda To Teelakhedi 6.8 88.41
2 Barkhedeo To Garhikalan 2.15 25.86
3 Narsinghgarh To Kolukhedi 3.0 54.39
4 Datia Datia Dinara Road To Kamrari 3.4 42.66
5 Datia Seondha Road To Kudari 4.13 43.9
6 Bhander Chirgaon Road To Salethra 3.4 32.2
7 Dhar Manawar Semalda Langoor Ajantikot 8.1 92.2
8 Gandhwani Singhana via Pipli Road 12.9 112.5
9 Undeli To Bandania 6 54.91
10 Umaria Chandia To Akhroor Road 20 163.2
11 Kalyanpur To Shahpur 6 61.84
12 Manpur Road To Badwani 5.5 59.48

Methodology of the Study

A participatory approach was adopted for gathering qualitative and quantitative information relating to defined socio-economic indicators like access to market, health care facilities, educational institutions as well as mobility, urbanisation, employment and trading opportunities. Questionnaires were canvassed among households to elicit desired information and these were supplemented by Focussed Group Discussions (FGD'S) and interviews with local functionaries including representatives of PRI's. A total of 48 FGD's, 250 household survey schedules and interviews with local functionaries were conducted. In addition 12 case studies were studied in detail from various sections of the habitations. Photographic and visual observation method were also utilised for the purpose.

Collected data have been consolidated, processed, analysed and tabulated for deriving appropriate conclusion. The information from the field surveys were consolidated in tabular and graphic forms containing absolute as well as relative values. Quantitative analysis of the data was done with the help of windows based SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences).

Organisation of the Study

The report is drafted in 6 Chapters. Chapter-I gives a brief introduction to the study. It includes objectives, scope and methodology of the study. Chapter-II describes the socio-economic information of the selected four districts. The impact of PMGSY roads on rural people has been described in Chapter-III. Recommendations based on the multi level discussions and specific suggestions by agencies have been given in chapter-IV. Chapter V incorporates some relevant case studies.

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